Treatment of cellulose derivatives



Patented Aug. 6, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE HOLLAND ELLIS, OF SPONDON-,"NEAR DERBY, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO CELANESE CORPORATION OF AMERICA, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

TREATMENT OF OELLULOSE DERIVATIVES.

No Drawing. Application filed. May 17, 1927, Serial No. 192,155, and in- Great Britain October 21, 1926.

This invention relates to the' dyeing, printing or stencilling of cellulose esters of organic acids homologous with acetic acid, such for example as cellulose formate, propionate or butyrate in the form of artificial silk, yarn, fabric, film or other form, alone or mixed with other fibres, threads or materials artificial or natural, such as cotton, silk, Wool, or viscose.

I have found that such esters of cellulose can be dyed, printed or stencilled with coloring matters or organic compounds which are insoluble 0r practically insoluble in water or are of relatively low solubility in water (all hereinafter in the claims included in the term relatively water-insoluble coloring compounds) the said coloring matters or organic compounds being applied in the form of aqueous dispersions. Such aqueous dispersions may be obtained for example by grinding (e. g. in colloid mills), by dissolving in a solvent and pouring into water containing or not containing protective colloids, or by pretreating the coloring matters or compounds with one or more solubilizing agents. As examples of such solubilizing agents may be specified bodies having oily or fatty characteristics, namely higher fatty acids or sulphonated or other derivatives thereof containing salt-forming groups such as sulphoricinoleic acid or other sulphonated fatty acids or salts of such acids or bodies, for instance their alkali or ammonium salts; carbocyclic compounds containing in their structure one or more salt-forming groups such as naphthenic acids or other carboxylic or sulphonic acids of the cycloparafiins, phenols, sulphom'c acids, carboxylic acids, phenolsulphonic acids, sulphonated naphthalene-formaldehyde condensation products or other derivatives of the benzene, naphthalene or anthracene series or other derivatives of saturated or non-saturated cyclic hydrocarbons containing one or more salt-forming groups or sodium or other salts of any such compounds; Twitchell reagents, i. e. sulphoaromatic fatty acids such as sulpho benzene stearic acid or derivativesthereof such as sulphophenol stearic acid or'sulpho napthalene stearic acid, sulpho naphthalene ricinoleic acid or salts of such bodies; sulphitecellulose lye or constituents thereof, such as lignin sulphonic acid or sodium or other salts thereof; and soluble resin soaps or soployed either singly or two or more in admixture or in succession.

Further if desirable, auxiliary solvents may be used in conjunction with the aforesaid bodies of oily or fatty characteristics or salts thereof for solubilizing or converting into more soluble modifications any waterinsoluble or insufiiciently water-soluble coloringmatters or organic compounds, greatly improved results being obtained in many cases. As examples of auxiliary solvents I may mention alkyl or alkylene halides, such as tetrachlorethane or trichl'orethylene; parafiins such as cyclohexane, heptane, triethylmethane, Anonan'e, nonane; simple or mixed derivatives of the cyclic or aromatic series containing one or more amino, chlor or hydroxy groups such as cresols, alkylanilines, toluidines, hlorphenols, mono or poly chlorbenzenes or chlornaphthalenes; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, I xylene, cumene (C H CH(CH propylbenzene, ortho-methylethylb'enzene, mesitylene, diphenyl methane, naphthalene; hydrogenated derivatives of aromatic compounds such as hexahydrophenol, hexahydrocresols, 1.4-hydrobenzene, dekahydronaphthalene, tetrahydronaphthalene and the like; compounds from petroleum such as deka-naphthene, undekanaphthene, dodekanaphthene, tetradekanaphthene, pentadekanaphthene, duodecylene (which occurs in Canadian petroleum) terpenes, such as tur pentine, pinene, sylvestrene, unsaturated bodies and cyclic compounds such as butylethylene, methylcyclopentene, tetramethylethylene, cyclopentene, cymene C w trimethylcyclopentene and the like; or commercial liquids containing mixtures of the aforesaid compounds, such for instance as turpentine (which contains the relevant te'r-" penes) and petroleum, solvent naphtha and commercial benzol (which contain mixtures of paraffin and aromatic hydrocarbons). All) other bodies having a similar effect of giving an enhanced solubilizing action in conjunction with the bodies of oily or fatty characteristics may however be employed. 7

One or-inore auxiliary solvents may be used in conjunction with one or more of the aforesaid bodies of oily or fatty characteristics for the solubilization of insoluble or insulficiently soluble coloring matters or organic compounds. This process of using' auxiliary solvents is of especial use in the solubilization of highly insoluble coloring matters or compounds, which would otherwise require very large and excessive quantities of the bodies of oily or fatty charactermay employ unsulphonated or other relatively insoluble derivatives of the azo class, simple amino bases, unreduced; indophenols (aryl or substituted aryl benzoor naphthoquinone mono-imides) or insolubleor relatively insoluble coloring matters of the following classes :polyarylmethane, oxazine, azine, thiazine, unreduced indigoid or basic derivatives of the anthraquinone series, e. g. rosaniline base or its alkylated or arylated derivatives, pararosaniline base,-

Malachite green base, aminoand aminohydroxyanthraquinones or their derivatives such as l-paratolylamino-4-hydroxy-anthraanthraquinone, safranine base and so forth; insoluble or relatively insoluble pyrazolone derivatives, for example unsulphonated azo derivatives of pyrazolone compounds, such as those obtained by coupling l-phenyl-3- methyl-5-pyrazolone, or j1.3-dinr ethyl-5-pyrazolone with diazotized amino compounds e. 'g. aniline, para-anisidine or para-aminobenzene-azo-dimethylaniline; unreduced vat dyestuffs of the anthraquinone series such as those sold under the registered trade marks Indanthrene, Cibanone, Algol and Helindone; insoluble or relatively insoluble nitro derivatives of diarylamines, such as 2.4-.d1nitro-diphenylamine or its 3'-methoxy or hydroxy or 4'-chlor, amino, dimethylamino or hydroxyderivatives, or 4-nitro diphenylamine or its 4-methyl, chlor, or nitro derivatives; unsulphonated coloring matters or compounds of the stilbene group,

for example stilbene disazobisphenol, stilbene disazobismetatoluidine, stilbene disazo bisalphanaphthylamine, aminostilbene azometaphenylenediamine, or aminostilbene: azo-metatolui'dine;' or insolub-leor relatively insoluble acidyl derivatives of amino anthraquinones or of'su stituted amino anthraquinones, containing one or more aliphatic acidylamino groups, e. g. a-cetyl-, propionyL,

oxalyl, or succinyl-amino groups with or without other substituent groups such as amino, hydroxy, chlor and the like, for ex-. ample l-acetylamino-anthraquinone or its 4-oxy, 4-methoxy, 4-amino, 4-methylamino or 4.5.8-triamino derivatives.-

The insoluble or relatively insoluble coloring matters or compounds for use in the present invention will usually contain no strongly acidic groups-such as the sulpho group and when basic coloring matters or compounds are employed they are always used in the form of the base and not in the form of salts such as the hydrochloride.

WVhen dispersions are to be produced by using solubilizing agents, the insoluble or relatively insoluble coloring matter or compound may be mixed or ground with one or more solubilizing agents, in the presence or absence of water and the whole heated if necessary, the solubilized modifications being filtered if desired before addition to the dyebaths or other preparations for dyeing or otherwise coloring the goods containing the cellulose esters. If auxiliary solvents are to be used one or more of the relatively insoluble coloring matters or compounds may be treated with one or more bodies of oily or fatty characteristics or salts thereof and one or more auxiliary solvents, in any order'sepa'ratelyor together in admixture, at any suitable temperature or pressure in presence or absence of water.

' The dyeing or otherwise coloring of the goods may be effected in the usual manner. qulnone, 1 paratolylamino-l-methylamino- If the coloring matter or compound contains diazotizable amino groups, it may be diazotized and developed on the material. in the usual manner to form a further dyestuff or dyestufis.

When dyeings or colorings are to be produced by the azoic or development process the insoluble or relatively insoluble component (whether base or developer or both) may be dispersed, as described, and the dye-- ing or development conducted as usual,

either component being applied first to the material.

For printing or stenciling the cellulose esters, an aqueous dispersion of one or more coloring matters or compounds may be thickened by theuse of such substances as starches, 'flo'ur, gums and the like and applied intlie usual manner, followed by such after-treatment as may be required.

Mixed goods may. be dyed or otherwise colored in uniform or contrasting efiects withor without employment of other dyestufls or components according to the character of the non-ester portion of the goods, said other dyestuffs orcomponents being applied if desired before or after the application of the aforesaid insoluble or relatively insoluble dyestufis' or compounds, or when not deleteriously affected thereby, they may be applied in conjunction therewlth.

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but in no way to limit it a Orange shade, are rinse Example 1.--1 part of 2-nitro-4 chlor-4'- ethoxydiphenylamine is heated with 7 -.5 parts of aqueous ammonium sulphoricinoleate until the whole is as homogeneous as possible. Boiling soft water is added and the liquor made up to 1% parts, stirred well -and poured into a dyebath containing 2000 parts of soft water. 100 parts of cellulose formate artificial silk yarn in the form of hanks are entered and the temperature of the dyebath gradually raised to about 7 5 C. during 1 hour, this temperature beingmaintained for a further hour, when dyeing will be complete. The oods, dyed a golden and may be dried and finished as required.

Example 2.1 part of a 25% paste of 1.2 dihydroxy 5.8 di (methyl-amino) anthraquinone is pasted with 2 parts of sodium sulpho-naphthalene-ricinoleate and the mixture is heated to obtain the maximum degree of dispersion. The mass is diluted with boilin water and added to Zthe dyebath (weig t about 25: 1 on the goods). 40 parts of cellulose propionate artificial; silk yarn in the form of banks are entered into the dyebath at about 45 C. and worked in a suitable manner, the temperature being raised until good exhaustion is Lobtained. The goods, now dyed blue, are-;;rem0ved,

rinsed and dried.

Example 3-1 part of parar-diinethylaminobenzene-azdbenzene azo 1-phenyl '3- I methyl-5-pyrazolone is dissolved in methyl:

ated spirit and the solution poured into 2000 parts of water containing 8 parts of glue in solution. 100 parts of cellulose propionate artificial silk yarn in the form of hanks are entered and the temperature raised'to C. during hour and maintained at that tem-' perature a further 2 hour. The goods, now of an orange shade, are lifted, rinsed and dried.

Example 4'.1 part of 3-(5.7-dibromindole)-2-thionaphthenindigo is pasted with 4 parts of tetrachlorethane, the paste heated to about 70 C. and poured into 10 parts of 50% aqueous sodium sulpho-ricinoleatex The mass is again heated with stirring and poured into 400 parts of soft water at 40 C. The dispersion is added to the dyebath containing 2000 parts of water, 100 parts of cellulose formate' artificial silk yarn in the form of hanks is entered into the cold dyebath, which is then gradually heated to IO- C. and dyeing continued until the requisite full shade of reddish-yellow is obtained. The goods are lifted, rinsed and dried. I

Ewwmple 5.- -1 part of finely owdered 2-nitro 4 chlor-N-phenyl-paraan1sidine is boiled with 10 parts of xylene and the solution passed through a sieve into 15 parts of 50% turkey red oil. A uantity of boilin soft water is added and the whole is stirre until homogeneous. The solution is diluted with 200 parts of boiling soft water and dredged with stirring into 2200 parts of cold soft water containing 5 parts of olive oil soap. 100 parts of cellulose propionate artificial silk yarn in bank form is entered into the dyebath at 45 (3., the temperature raised to about 75 C. during V hour and dyeing continued until the golden orange shade is fully developed. The goods are then rinsed and dried or otherwise finished as desired.

The term dyeing in the claims is to be understood to include printing and stencil-- ling and further the term coloring compound in the claims includes, in addition to coloring matters or dyestufi's, organic compounds which are capable of forming coloring matters or dyestufis upon the material, for example the components (base or developer or both) used in the azoic or developmentprocess of dyeing.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is I 1. Process for dyeing material comprising a cellulose ester of an organic acid homologus with acetic acid, comprising dyeing the material with an aqueous dispersion of a relatively water-insoluble coloring compound, said dispersion being prepared by pretreating the compound with a solubilizing agent comprising a body of oily or fatty characteristics and with an auxi iary solvent.

2. Process for dyeing material comprising a cellulose ester of an organic, acid homologuos with acetic acid, comprising dying the material with an aqueous dispersion of a relatively water-insoluble coloring compound, said dispersion being prepared by pretreating the compound with a solubilizing agent comprising a sulphonated higher fatty acid compound and with an aromatic hydrocarbon.

' 3. Process for dyeing material comprising a cellulose ester of an organic ac d homolo ous with acetic acid, comprising dye- 6. Process for dyeing material comprising cellulose formate, comprising dyeing the relatively water-insoluble coloring material. with an aqueous dispersion of a compound, said dispersion being. prepared by pretreating the compound with a solubilizing agent comprising a body of oily or fatty characteristics.

7 Process for dyeing material comprising cellulose formate, comprising dyeing the material with an aqueous dispersion of a relatively water-insoluble coloring compound,

said dispersion being prepared by pretreating the compound with a so-lubil'izing agent comprising a higher fatty acid compound.

8. Process for dyeing material comprising cellulose formatc, comprising. dyeing the material with an aqueous dispersion of a relatively water-insoluble coloring compound, said dispersion being prepared by pretreat-ing the compound with a sol'ubil i'zing agent comprising a sulphonated higher fatty acid compound.

9. Process for dyeing material comprising cellulose formate, comprising dyeing the mameager ing agent comprisihg a sodium salt ofs'filpho-ricinoleic acid.

11. Process for dyeing material comprising cellulose formate, comprising dyeing the material with an aqueous dispersion of a relatively water-insoluble coloring compound, said dispersion being prepared by pretreating the compound with a solubilizing agent comprising a body of oily or fatty characteristics and with an auxiliary solvent.

12. Process for dyeingmaterialcomprising cellulose formate, comprising dyeing the material with an aqueous dispersion of a relatively water-insoluble coloring compound, dispersion being prepared by pretreating the compound with a solubilizing agent comprising a sulphonated higher fatty acid compound and with an aromatic hydrocarbon.

13. Process for dyeing material comprising cellulose f'ormate, comprising dyeing the material with an aqueous dispersion of a relatively water-insoluble coloring compound, said dispersion being prepared by pretreating the compound with a solubilizing agent comprising a sodium. salt of sulpho-ricinoleic acid and with xylene.

l4. hlaterial comprising cellulose formate, dyed with a relatively Water-insoluble coloring compound.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.v

GEORGE HOLLAND ELLIS. 

